An Impressive Korean Domain Name Front End Website

emmaru.com provides comprehensive information about Korean restaurants, pensions, festivals, hospitals and more. This site also has an online shopping mall. They provide an API to access emmaru content.

There is a very impressive and very clever site which provides a Korean Domain Name (KDN) front end to emmaru content. This front end has not just one KDN link but thousands of KDN links!

So, first of all, letʼs start with the root entry Korean KDNs, which are:

1. 동맛집.한국 contains 6127 outbound KDN links (checked on 17th June 2021)
2. 역맛집.한국 contains 1264 outbound KDN links (checked on 17th June 2021)

The number of KDN links may well change over time. If you want to recheck my link numbers then you can use smallseotools.com/website-links-count-checker.

There are a small number of broken links. The broken links I have spotted are those that contain the brackets ( and ) which are illegal characters for a KDN.

In order for me to explain the KDNs it is better if you have some understanding of en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_South_Korea To make it easier for you, I list below, from major to minor, the division names used in this site's naming of their KDNs.

1. gun 군 county
2. gu 구 district
3. eup 읍 town
4. myeon 면 township
5. dong 동 neighbourhood

So, now onto an explanation of the KDN 동맛집.한국. 동 = dong, an administrative division of Korea. 맛집 means restaurant. 한국 is the TLD (Top Level Domain) for Korea (South). The landing page of 동맛집.한국 consists of thousands of live clickable KDN links presented in a table organised hierarchically by adminstrative division. Clicking on a KDN link will result in a list of restaurants for that administrative division being displayed. Here is a screen shot of a small part of the landing page.

Ulsan City Administrative Divisions

The text in the horizontal gray header is 울산 which is Ulsan city in south east Korea en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulsan. The left column lists administrative divisions of Ulsan: namgu 남구, donggu 동구, bukgu 북구, uljugun 울주군, junggu 중구. The right side column is filled with live clickable KDN links. The administrative division name forms part of the KDN. Here are some examples from the screen shot, above. I have coloured the relevant division names green.

1. mugeodong 무거동　무거.동맛집.한국
2. jeonhadong 전하동　전하.동맛집.한국
3. yeonamdong 연암동　연암.동맛집.한국
4. samnammyeong 삼남면　삼남면.동맛집.한국
5. onsaneup 온산읍　온산읍.동맛집.한국
6. dongdong 동동　동.동맛집.한국

In the 무거.동맛집.한국 list I noticed Singular Café 싱귤러커피 which is a hanok 한옥 style building en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanok. Very impressive! Here is a kakao road view 카카오로드뷰 so you can see it in situ ➜ http://kko.to/LiUUChofM

Now on to 역맛집.한국 ( station restaurant(s) . korea ). This page presents a table of stations divided into subway stations 지하철역, Korea Train Express 한국고속철도/KTX 케이티엑스 stations and standard train stations 기차역. The table has over a thousand live clickable KDNs. The KDNs are station names and when clicked will display a page listing restaurants near that station. Here is a screen shot of the Seoul Subway Line 7 stations 서울 7호선 part of the 역맛집.한국 landing page.

Seoul Subway Line 7 Stations

The right side table column lists the names of the stations on Line 7. The last character in each name is 역 which means station. The first name is Jangam Station 장암역 which is at the northern end of the line and the last name listed is Bupyeonggu Office station 부평구청역 at the south western end of the line. Seoul subway can be viewed at seoulmetro.co.kr/en/cyberStation.do Here are some of the stations on Line 7.

1. jangam station 장암역　장암.역맛집.한국
2. sangbong station 상봉역　상봉.역맛집.한국
3. isu station 이수역　이수.역맛집.한국
4. namseong station 남성역　남성.역맛집.한국
5. cheolsan station 철산역　철산.역맛집.한국
6. sangdong station 상동역　상동.역맛집.한국

대군코다리 is a restaurant near to dobongsan station 도봉산역 on Line 7 도봉산.역맛집.한국. Here is a 대군코다리 kakao road view 카카오로드뷰 kko.to/_y3B1qo4p.

I have spent many years exploring IDNs (Internationalized Domain Names) of which KDNs are a subset. I have never before encountered a site having such an impressively huge set of IDNs. Here is a brief explanation of the basics of how it works. The KDNs 동맛집.한국 and 역맛집.한국 are registered with the Korean National Registry and are resolved by the Korean National DNS (Domain Name System) servers. X in X.동맛집.한국 and Y.역맛집.한국 are the 7391 KDN subdomains and are entered and resolved in the local DNS which in this case is JooDNS 주디엔에스 DNS joodns.com If you would like to observe what is happening with the DNS servers you can experiment with simpledns.plus/lookup-dg using the KDNs from 동맛집.한국 and 역맛집.한국.

Similarly, but on a much much much smaller scale, my office Mac has the subdomains zaffre and 小山. I set this up in my University's local DNS many years ago. It makes for an interesting demo to my students when I connect remotely to my office Mac using it's 小山 name. Most students are surprised and not expecting it to work🙂

Korean Domain Name 한글 도메인 네임

Millions of Domain Names

There are a number of organisations which maintain ranked lists of popular Domain Names where popular is determined by the criteria of said organisation.

🌏 Cisco Umbrella 1 Million umbrella.cisco.com/blog/cisco-umbrella-1-million

🌏 DomCop Top 10 million domains domcop.com/top-10-million-domains

🌏 The Majestic Million majestic.com/reports/majestic-million

🌏 DN Pedia: Top Million Websites & TLDs dnpedia.com/tlds/topm.php Provides an interactive interface to the Alexa Top 1 Million list.

IDN (Internationalized Domain Names) Statistics

The following sites give information on the number of registrations of IDN TLDs (Internationalised Domain Name Top Level Domains). These IDN TLDs use scripts other than the Latin script. IDN TLDs include, for example, .भारत (India) and .我爱你 (I Love You). For full list of TLDs, please see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains

🌏 dotTLD.net dottld.net lists the approximate number of domain name registrations for each TLD (Top Level Domain). Thay have one section dedicated to IDNs dottld.net/tlds-idn.php

🌎 namestat namestat.org. ICANN IDN new gTLDs are listed at namestat.org/s/top-idns

🌎 Domain Name Stats domainnamestats.com. Click the top level light green button to select the category IDNs. It will remember your choice in a cookie.

🌍 Domain Name Stat domainnamestat.com. Can list by TLD type such as generic or country but cannot list IDNs only and IDNs are displayed as punycode and not Unicode.

🌏 nTLDStats ntldstats.com/tld. It has stats on ICANN New gTLDs newgtlds.icann.org/en/program-status/delegated-strings and does not have a separate section explicitly for IDNs only.

🌏 Registries will have information on the IDN TLDs they manage. KRNIC (Korea Network Information Centre) manage .한국 (Korea) and the stats are available on their website at 한국인터넷정보센터.한국/jsp/eng/domain/kr/statistics.jsp

🌏 domain-status daily registrations domain-status.com Provides daily domain name registrations for TLDs .com, .net, .org, .info, .us, .name, .asia and .pro.

Jongno Hall Restaurant

Jongno Hall 종로회관 is a restaurant in Jeonju city 전주시, South Korea. It's website has the Korean Domain Name 종로회관.닷컴 where 닷컴 is Verisign's Korean Hangul dot com. Here is Jongno Hall on Kakao Road View 카카오로드뷰 kko.to/ugAQkBLYT.

Majestic have The Majestic Million which is their list of the domain names of the top 1 million websites according to their link based ranking system majestic.com/reports/majestic-million The Majestic Million is, as you were probably expecting, dominated by dot com, eg google.com is at position 1, the highest rank, followed closely by facebook.com at position 2. There are though a small number non ASCII TLDs (Top Level Domains) in the list, such as： 한국 (South Korea), москва (moscow), 网络 (internet) and 닷컴 (dot com).

Much to my (pleasant) surprise, on April 25th 2021, Jongno Hall's domain 종로회관.닷컴 made a grand entrance into The Majestic Million at position 960,703 and was labelled as a "New Entry". Since then it has been rapidly climbing up the rankings and currently (17th August 2021) has ranking position 43,197. I was tracking progress on a (mostly) daily basis which you can see on my twitter at twitter.com/andreschappo/status/1386295644164399105 or 고.한국/jongno.

Instant Page 인스턴트 페이지 instantpage.kr/home/makepage lists Jongno Hall Restaurant website 종로회관.닷컴 as one of their works.

You are now probably expecting a conclusion with an explanation of why Jongno Hall has entered and is rapidly climbing The Majestic Million rankings. Well... sorry to disappoint but I do not have an explanation 🤔 😳　I guess SEO and/or promotion. If you have any insights please do tweet or message me at https://twitter.com/andreschappo

Update 10th July 2021: The improvement in ranking of 종로회관.닷컴 has significantly slowed down so I am now going to stop regularly monitoring this site. I will check back occasionally. If you would like to see it's ranking position for yourself then please visit https://majestic.com/reports/majestic-million?majesticMillionType=2&tld=닷컴&oq=. You will be presented with a list of all domains in "The Majestic Million" with the TLD (Top Level Domain) 닷컴 which currently is just 종로회관.닷컴.

Korean Domain Name 한글 도메인 네임

KISA and KRNIC Korean Domain Names

KISA Korea Internet & Security Agency 한국인터넷진흥원 has responsibilities for South Korea's National networking infrastructure, one of these being to function as the KRNIC Korea Network Information Center 국인터넷정보센터.

1. 한국인터넷진흥원.한국 KISA
2. 인터넷진흥원.한국 KISA
3. 한국인터넷정보센터.한국 KRNIC
4. 인터넷정보센터.한국 KRNIC
5. 후이즈검색.한국 whois

Here are kakao road views 카카오로드뷰 of KISA's office building in Naju city 나주시 kko.to/VhocloGDp and kko.to/HINKNBJDp.

Korean Domain Name 한글 도메인 네임

Sempio Foods Korean Domain Names

Sempio Foods 샘표식품 is a South Korean food manufacturer. It's products include soy sauce 간장, gochujang 고추장, tea 차 and noodles 국수. Detailed information about Sempio and itʼs products available in English at en.sempio.com

There are three available Korean Hangul TLDs (Top Level Domains): 한국 Korea, 닷컴 dot com and 닷넷 dot net. I am pleased to be able to report that Sempio 샘표 has domain names with all these Korea TLDs and they all resolve to active websites. Additionally Sempio has an ASCII com TLD domain name.

1. 샘표.한국
2. 샘표.닷컴
3. 샘표.닷넷
4. 샘표.com

Sempio have transformed the exterior of their Icheon 이천시 factory into a wonderfully creative and colourful work of art. Here is a Naver street view of their Icheon factory naver.me/xw6DgaX6. They also have a Sempio history museum and art exhibition space inside their factory. blog.naver.com/nightsho/70149640713 has an excellent set of photos of both the exterior and interior of the Sempio factory.

Korean Domain Name 한글 도메인 네임

Jobband Korean Domain Names

Jobband 잡밴드 is a Korean Recruitment Agency. It has an impressively huge set of Korean Domain Names. Each is named for a specific occupation and their website adapts content according to that occupation eg 메디컬잡.닷컴 ➜ 메디컬 medical 잡 job 닷컴 dot com. To put it another way, their site is Domain Name Adaptive.

So far, I have found 60 of their Korean Domain Names, as below. There are, most likely, more of them.

1. Confectionary & Bakery 제과제빵.닷컴
2. Private Car Driver 승용기사.닷컴
3. Sales Position 판매직.닷컴
4. Interpreter/Translator 통번역.한국
5. World Trade 트레이드잡.닷컴
6. Driving 운전직.한국
7. Heavy Equipment 중장비잡.닷컴
8. Office 사무직.닷컴
9. Secretary 경리비서.닷컴
10. Marketing 마케팅잡.닷컴
11. IT 아이티잡.닷컴
12. Design 설계잡.닷컴
13. Broadcasting Media 미디어잡.닷컴
14. Law 법률직.닷컴
15. Tax Accounting 세무직.닷컴
16. Sales Business 영업직.닷컴
17. Production 생산직.닷컴
18. Machine Operator 머신잡.닷컴
19. Telephone Sales 텔레마케터.닷컴
20. Estate Agent 부동산잡.닷컴
21. Hotel Service 호텔잡.닷컴
22. Motel Service 모텔잡.닷컴
23. Pension Service 펜션잡.닷컴
24. Korean Food Cook 한식잡.닷컴
25. Western Food Cook 양식잡.닷컴
26. Chinese Food Cook 중식잡.닷컴
27. Japanese Food Cook 일식잡.닷컴
28. Medical 메디컬잡.닷컴
29. Nursing 간호잡.닷컴
30. Dental Service 덴탈잡.닷컴
31. Part-Time 알바.닷넷
32. Overseas 교포잡.닷컴
33. Sailor Crewman 선원.한국
34. Nail Art 네일아트.닷컴
35. Construction 건설.한국
36. Plumber 배관설비잡.닷컴
37. Carpenter 목수.한국
38. Industrial Plant 플랜트.한국
39. Private Tutor 과외쌤.닷컴
40. Housekeeper 파출.한국
41. Security Guard 경비원.닷컴
42. Cleaning Service 청소잡.닷컴
43. Wedding Planner 웨딩잡.닷컴
44. Veterinarian 애니멀잡.닷컴
45. Golf 골프잡.com
46. Travel Agency 여행사잡.com
47. Delivery Service 택배잡.닷컴
48. Barista 바리스타잡.닷컴
49. Bartender 바텐더잡.닷컴
50. Waiter 웨이터.닷컴
51. Delivery 배달원.닷컴
52. Chauffeur 대리운전밴드.한국
53. Courier Service 퀵서비스밴드.한국
54. Moving Service 이삿짐밴드.한국
55. Farming 농장.한국
56. Masseur 마사지밴드.com
57. Recruiter 헤드헌팅.닷컴
58. Study Abroad 유학.닷넷
59. Mobile Telecommunications 이동통신.닷컴
60. Senior 시니어잡.닷컴

Korean Domain Name 한글 도메인 네임

Korean URL Shortener

There is an excellent Korean Domain Name URL shortener 고.한국 which translates as Go.Korea. It is easy to use. Create customised links, as I have done in the following list, or have the system create the link for you. Currently, the pathname part of the link must be ASCII.

1. 고.한국/color x.com/andreschappo/status/1275109323992170496
2. 고.한국/colour x.com/andreschappo/status/1315251703705460736
3. 고.한국/shelf1
4. 고.한국/shelf2
5. 고.한국/bag
6. 고.한국/shirt
7. 고.한국/doll
8. 고.한국/Uregex
9. 고.한국/Uprog
10. 고.한국/MaskTip1
11. 고.한국/MaskTip2
12. 고.한국/4shelves
13. 고.한국/cats
14. 고.한국/plate
15. 고.한국/YearArt
16. 고.한국/laces
17. 고.한국/pencils
18. 고.한국/CCI
19. 고.한국/6shelves
20. 고.한국/tzuyang
21. 고.한국/jobs
22. 고.한국/blog
23. 고.한국/mrQueen
24. 고.한국/heart
25. 고.한국/hao2
26. 고.한국/hao3
27. 고.한국/jongno
28. 고.한국/IDNs
29. 고.한국/KDN
30. 고.한국/names
31. 고.한국/dream
32. 고.한국/water
33. 고.한국/crocs
34. 고.한국/lsukpopsoc
35. 고.한국/IIGF
36. 고.한국/Cmas
37. 고.한국/Kjeans
38. 고.한국/ua
39. 고.한국/uk
40. 고.한국/socks
41. 고.한국/United24

Here is the only link which I had the system create for me.

1. 고.한국/89k5

Korean Domain Name 한글 도메인 네임

Computer Science Internationalization - IDNs

I started a new thread on IDNForums entitled "Interesting IDNs" ➜ idnforums.com/forums/35988-interesting-idns.html

The basic idea is to add human interest stories to bring IDNs to life. So, if you know of or find interesting IDNs then please post the IDN along with itʼs associated story/explanation to aforementioned thread. If you do not want to join IDNforums then tweet me (twitter.com/andreschappo) with your IDN + story and I will post to the thread.

Computer Science Internationalization - Adaptive URL

I recently came across an impressive Serbian website, Serbian National Internet Domain Registry (RNIDS/РНИДС). This siteʼs content text is available by user selection in English or Serbian, Cyrillic script or Serbian, Latin script.

What is happening in the browser address bar is what I find most interesting and impressive. Firstly, RNIDS has a Serbian Cyrillic Domain Name, рнидс.срб. This Domain Name is properly integrated into the site. It does not redirect to an ASCII domain, nor does it use a Frame redirect/forward. It is correctly displayed in the browser address bar.

Secondly, the pathname part of the URL is displayed in the currently selected language/script. If you browse round the site and change language/script you will see the URL pathname instantly adapt to your selected language/script. Here is an example page:

1. Ћирилица (Serbian/Cyrillic Script): рнидс.срб/национални-домени/регистрација-националних-домена
2. Latinica (Serbian/Latin Script): рнидс.срб/lat/nacionalni-domeni/registracija-nacionalnih-domena
3. English: рнидс.срб/en/national-domains/registering-national-domains

I consider RNIDS to be an excellent example of usage of FULLY internationalised URLs. There are, nowadays, many sites with an Internationalised Domain Name in a multitude of languages/scripts. Most though still have an ASCII/English pathname. I consider this to be a missed opportunity. I highly recommend that sites fully internationalise their URLs. One way of achieving this is by the use of aliases schappo.blogspot.com/2017/03/computer-science-internationalization_31.html

BBC International Websites

If you are in the UK, most of you will be familiar with the BBC website bbc.co.uk. The BBC does have several localised websites for non English languages and regional news. If you are browsing from the UK it is not at all obvious how to visit their localised websites as there are no links on their UK website.

Here is how I found their localised websites. Firstly I visited bbc.co.uk and, as one would expect, I landed on their UK homepage. But, there are no links to their localised sites. If there were I would be happy and would not be writing this article. Next I visited the wikipedia BBC article en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC and saw that there is a different address bbc.com. I used this address but as I am browsing from the UK it redirects to bbc.co.uk which is not at all helpful. So, I am back to where I started.

To the rescue comes the Opera browser with itʼs builtin VPN. I set the VPN to a non UK location and now when I use bbc.com I do not get redirected to bbc.co.uk. Scroll down to the bottom of the page and I now see links to their localised websites. If you are browsing from the UK without such a VPN service these links will not redirect to bbc.co.uk

For your convenience I list below all the links to the BBC localised websites.

1. Arabic عربي bbc.com/arabic
2. Azeri AZƏRBAYCAN bbc.com/azeri
3. Bangla বাংলা bbc.com/bengali
4. Burmese မြန်မာစာ bbc.com/burmese
5. Chinese 中文 bbc.com/zhongwen/simp
6. French bbc.com/afrique
7. Hausa bbc.com/hausa
8. Hindi हिन्दी bbc.com/hindi
9. Indonesian bbc.com/indonesia
10. Japanese 日本語 http://bbc.com/japanese
11. Kinyarwanda & Kirundi bbc.com/gahuza
12. Kyrgyz Кыргыз bbc.com/kyrgyz
13. Marathi मराठी bbc.com/marathi
14. Nepali नेपाली bbc.com/nepali
15. Pashto پښتو bbc.com/pashto
16. Persian فارسی bbc.com/persian
17. Portuguese bbc.com/portuguese
18. Russian ру́сский bbc.com/russian
19. Sinhala සිංහල https://bbc.com/sinhala
20. Somali bbc.com/somali
21. Spanish bbc.com/mundo
22. Swahili bbc.com/swahili
23. Tamil தமிழ் bbc.com/tamil
24. Turkish TÜRKÇE bbc.com/turkce
25. Ukrainian УКРАЇНСЬКA bbc.com/ukrainian
26. Urdu اردو bbc.com/urdu
27. Uzbek O'ZBEK bbc.com/uzbek
28. Vietnamese TIẾNG VIỆT bbc.com/vietnamese

Computer Science Internationalization - Ideographic Description Characters

I recently created a new Chinese character. This is the very first time I have done so. I created the character to write on a farewell card.

Firstly some background. About two years ago I gave a printout to a colleague, Katherine Hollingsworth, of the Chinese character 好 which means good. I explained how this character has two components, the left part meaning woman and the right part meaning child. Woman 女 + child 子 is something good, hence the meaning good. Katherine, at this time had one child.

Fast forward two years and Katherine is leaving us. As is traditional, there was a farewell card for us to write our best wishes. That is when I had the idea of creating a new Chinese character. Katherine now has two children. The character I created was ⿰好子 which is a woman with two children. I handwrote this character onto the card. Chinese characters are written into a square which is what I did when handwriting the combination of 好 and 子.

Now to the Computer Science part. In Unicode there are twelve Ideographic Description Characters: ⿰ ⿱ ⿲ ⿳ ⿴ ⿵ ⿶ ⿷ ⿸ ⿹ ⿺ ⿻, U+2FF0➔2FFB. These can be used to construct new characters from combinations of existing characters and/or components. They represent the topological relationship between the components. ⿰ is used to represent a character with two components, a left part and a right part. The ideographic description sequence for my new character is thus ⿰好子. I have given this character the name 双好 which means double good😀

I told my Chinese project students about my new Chinese character. One of the students, 王国旭 Wang Guoxu, suggested an additional way of constructing the character using a left part, a middle part and a right part. The sequence for his suggestion is ⿲子女子. I really like this suggestion as we now have a woman surrounded by her two children.

Update: I have now devised a second new Chinese character. It is related to the above character and consists of four, side by side components. The ideographic description sequence is: ⿰⿰子男⿰女子. I will leave it to you, the reader, to determine what it represents.

Update 2: Another arrangement of the 双好 components is to have the woman above the children. The ideographic description sequence is: ⿱女⿰子子. See 고.한국/hao2 or twitter.com/andreschappo/status/1046367105141153793 for calligraphic versions of this arrangement.

Update 3: Katherine now has 3 children and so it is time for a triple good 三好 new Chinese character with 3 children components. Possible arrangements of the components include ⿱⿰女子⿰子子 and ⿱女⿲子子子. Please see 고.한국/hao3 or twitter.com/andreschappo/status/1093833016353406976 for calligraphic versions of these arrangements

There is a useful online utility which can be used to compose and visualise new characters. Here is a new character representing a woman with three children zi.tools/?secondary=ids&seq=⿱女⿲子子子